Must be wondering why would you like to go to Assam. If you’re planning to visit Assam then you would be astound to see it’s beauty. Assam is a North East state of India situated south of eastern Himalayas. Assam shares the border with the countries like Bhutan & Bangladesh. Neighboring states are Arunachal Pradesh, Nagalad, Manipur, Meghalaya, Tripura & Manipur. Wow!! even I came to know today that why they’re called 7 Sisters of India. Assam is the largest North Eastern State. Apart from this it borders with est Bengal through Siliguri Corridor. Assam is the largest Tea producing state in India. You can find almost all varieties of Tea.
It is also well know for National Parks, it’s subtly flavored cuisines, vibrant heritage, golden rice fields, and more natural beauty 🙂 The landscape surrounded with Himalayan range is just astounding. Here in this article, we’ll let you know that what to do in this state. It’s a complete article with all the details available so that you won’t to search for other information on some other website or blog. Here we go with our complete guide.
Pic credit: bishal1995 / Pixabay
Assam: Things to Know Before Visiting this Place
The ancient name of Assam was Kamarupa or Pragjyotishpur. The Kamarupa covered the regions like north Bengal, Brahmaputra Valley, Bhutan, North Bangladesh and some parts of Bihar and West Bengal. The word Assam has its origin in the Sanskrit word Asom meaning Unparalleled or Peerless. In the mythological text this land is described as Pragjyotishpura or the “City of eastern lights”; the site where Lord Brahma first created the stars. The capital city is Dispur. Assam has adopted it’s traditions and cultures from the oldest periods of human civilizations. Enriched by many Dynastic traits, the land of Assam remains one of the most enticing states of India. The notable rulers who once existed in Assam include Ahoms and Kiratas.
| Capital | Dispur |
| Location | North East India |
| Area | 78,438 Square Kms |
| Population | 35.56608 Million |
| Folk Dances | Bihu and the Bagurumba (both danced during festivals held in the spring) |
| Longitude | 89° 42′ E to 96° E |
| Latitude | 24° 8′ N to 28° 2′ N |
| Height (Sea Level) | 576 m |
| Rivers | Brahmaputra & Barak River |
| Mineral Resources | Petroleum, Natural Gas, Coal & Limestone |
| Climate Type | Temperate – Tropical Monsoon Rain forest Climate |
| Weather: | Winter: Late October to Late February (Min. Temp – 6 to 8 Degree Celsius) Summer: Starts in Mid May (Max. Temp – 35 to 38 Degree Celsius) Monsoon: Peaks in June |
Classical Dances & Folk Dances of Assam
Dances in Assam can be broadly categorized as Classical Dances & Folk Dances. The state is home to a number of indigenous tribes and races, each of which has its own fairs and festivals. This has led to the propagation of many dance forms throughout the region. If you get a chance to visit Assam, then I would recommend to enjoy these dances as much as you can as it’s very hard to find these joyous dances type somewhere on this planet. In below table let’s check the various dance forms of Assam:
| CLASSICAL DANCE FORMS IN ASSAM | |
| Bhaona | Performed in villages of Namghars and Satras. Vaishnavite culture in Assam. Depiction of the one-act play Ankiya Nat, initiated by Sankardeva. |
| Oja Pali | Represents the rich tradition and cultural heritage of Assam. Oja and Pali are the group of chorus singers and dancers. Oja means Leaders & Pali means his Assistants. |
| Satriya Nritya | Most popular classical dance form of Assam. Mother of this dance form is considered as Srimanta Shankardev. Was developed to increase the faith in Vaishnavism |
| FOLK DANCES IN ASSAM | |
| Bihu Dance | Most popular folk dance. Related to Bihu Festival of Assam. |
| Jumur Nach | Performed by the Team Community called ‘Chah Baganar Jumur Nach’ Boys & girls hold each others from waist and dances on Jumur beats. A lot of foot work is involved in this dance form. |
| Ali Ai Ligang | Performed by Mishing Community of Assam. Done to make an offering to their deities. Popular in northern parts like Sonitpur and Lakhimpur. |
| Deodhani | Related to the worship of the snake goddess Manasa. Performed by a girl in a trance-like inspired state, goes on dancing to the beats of the Ciphung (flute) and the Kham (drum). A war like dance is performed using a sword & a shield to honor various gods and goddesses, like Shiva, Lakshmi etc. |
| Barpeta’s Bhortal Nritya | Originally developed by the well known Satriya artist called Narahari Burha Bhakat. Later on some modifications were done by Sankari culture of Assam. dance is performed by a group of 6-10 dancers equipped with cyrnbols. Usually this type of dance form is popular in the regions of Barpeta and Guwahati |
| Dhuliya and Bhawariya | A form of theatrical performance, using masks, drums and cymbals. |
| Bodo’s Bagurumba | One of the best folk dances performed by the Bodo community of Assam. Performed by Bodo girls who are dressed in traditional costumes and dances on folk music with slow steps and outstretched hands |
| Khamba Lim | This is a typical folk dance of Assam, performed by two groups of men and women, who stand in two rows. |
Pic credit: donvikro / Pixabay
Climate of Assam
As compared with other parts of India, the climate is good for Assam. Assam is 576 m above sea level and is surrounded by Himalayan range. The climate is tropical in Assam. It’s not extremely Hot or Cold. Across the year, the temperature ranges from 7.6 °C to 38.5 °C. The average annual temperature is 23.2 °C & the average rainfall is 1927 mm.
Below is the month wise average temperature & precipitation view.
| Month | Max. Temperature | Min. Temperature | Average Temperature | Rainfall / Precipitation |
| January | 28.1 | 19.5 | 23.8 | 48 |
| February | 28.8 | 19.4 | 24.1 | 102 |
| March | 28.8 | 19.1 | 23.9 | 189 |
| April | 28.8 | 19.1 | 22.9 | 227 |
| May | 28.3 | 19.3 | 23.8 | 236 |
| June | 27.1 | 19.1 | 23.1 | 253 |
| July | 25.7 | 18.1 | 21.9 | 43 |
| August | 28.1 | 18.3 | 22.2 | 63 |
| September | 26.6 | 18.8 | 22.7 | 254 |
| October | 27.3 | 18.7 | 22.7 | 340 |
| November | 27.1 | 18.6 | 22.8 | 205 |
| December | 27.7 | 19.4 | 23.5 | 67 |
Flora & Fauna found in Assam
Assam has a wide variety of plants and animals species. Below is the detailed view:
The recorded forest area of Assam is 26,832 sq km accounting for 34.21% of its geographical area. According to their legal status, Reserved Forests constitute 66.58% and Unclassed Forests 33.42% of the total forest area. Much of the state is covered with dense tropical forests of bamboo and, at higher elevations, evergreens. Many valuable trees like Sal, Agar, Segun, Bon Chom etc., found in these forests which help in economic development of the state.
The estimated tree cover in the state is 1,564 sq km which is 1.99% of geographical area of the state. Forest cover in the state is 27,673 sq km that is 35.28% of the geographical area of the state. Thus the Forest and tree cover in the state is 29,237 sq km which is 37.27% of the geographical area.
Source: India State of Forest Report 2011, Forest Survey of India.
5 National Parks and 18 wildlife sanctuaries covering an area of 0.40 million ha constituting 4.98% of the geographical area. The state has three Tiger Reserves, namely Kaziranga, Manas and Nameri. Kaziranga National Park and Manas Wildlife Sanctuary are in the list of World Heritage sites. List of Wildlife Sanctuaries (WLS):
| Name of Wildlife Sanctuary | Location | Estb. Year | Area in km² |
| Amchang WLS | Metro(Kamrup) | 2004 | 78.64 |
| Barail/Borali WLS | Cachar & Karimgang | 2004 | 326.25 |
| Barnadi/Bornadee WLS | Udalguri | 1980 | 26.22 |
| Bherjan-Borajan-Padumoni WLS | Tinsukia | 1999 | 7.22 |
| Burachapori WLS | Sonitpur | 1995 | 44.06 |
| Chakrashila WLS | Kokrajhar | 1994 | 45.56 |
| Deepor Beel WLS | Kamrup(Metro) | Unknown | 4.14 |
| Dihing Patkai WLS | Dibrugarh & Tinisukia | 2004 | 111.19 |
| East Karbi Anglong WLS | Karbi – Anglong | 2000 | 221.81 |
| Garampani WLS | Karbi – Anglong | 1952 | 6.05 |
| Hollongapar Gibbon WLS | Jorhat | 1997 | 20.98 |
| Lawkhowa WLS | Nagaon | 1972 | 70.14 |
| Marat Longri WLS | Karbi – Anglong | 2003 | 451 |
| Nambor WLS | Karbi- Anglong | 2000 | 37 |
| Nambor Doigrung WLS | Golaghat | 2003 | 97.15 |
| Porbitora WLS | Morigaon | 1987 | 38.81 |
| Pani-Dihing Bird WLS | Sibasagar | 1995 | 33.93 |
| Sonai Rupai WLS | Sonitpur | 1998 | 220 |
Assam is gifted with huge varieties of fauna like the Great Indian One Horned Rhino, Pigmy Hog, Royal Bengal Tiger, Elephant, Swamp Deer, Gangetic Dolphin, Wild Buffalo, Golden Langur, Hoolock Gibbon, Stump-tailed Macaque and Pig-tailed Macaque, Hispid Hare etc. The birds found in Assam includes Greater Adjutant Stork, White winged wood duck, Bengal Florican, Spotbilled Pelican, Lesser Adjutant Stork, King Vulture, Great Hornbills, Long-billed and Spotted Wren-babblers, Large and Coral-billed Scimitar Babblers, Laughingthrush etc.
| Name of National Park | Description |
| Kaziranga National Park | – Designated as National Park in 1974 – Declared World Heritage Site in 1985 – Declared Tiger Reserve in 2007 – Animal found One-horned Rhinoceros, Wild Water Buffalo, Wild Boar, Swamp Deer |
| Manas National Park | – Designated as National Park in 1990 – Declared World Heritage site in 1985 – Declared as Tiger Reserve in 1973 – Animals found: Royal Bengal Tiger, Golden Langur, Hispid Hare, Pygmy Hog |
| Dibru – Saikhowa National Park | – Designated as National Park in 1999 – Primary Habitat of White Wing Wood Duck – Only forest Reserve of the world where wild Horses are found – Bird Species found are: Breasted Parrotbill and Black Crowned Night Heron |
| Nameri National Park | – Situated in Sonitpur District – Officially recognized as National Park in1998 – Jia Bhorali river makes Nameri National Park more adventurous |
| Orang National Park | – Also known as Rajiv Gandhi Orang National Park – Situated in Darrang & Sonitpur District – Officially recognized as National Park in 1999 – Almost 80% of the National Park is grassland. |
- There are 2 World Heritage Sites, 2 Biosphere reserves, 3 tiger reserves, 5 elephant reserves
- Hollock Gibbon is found only in Assam in India.
- 45 bird species out of 600 birds are enlisted as highly endangered.
- In addition, nearly 50% of the total 1500 reported species of butterflies are found in Assam.
- 293 species of orchids are found in Assam which is 25% of the species found in India.
| Species Name | Species Type Found in Assam |
| Big Cats | – Indian Tigers – Indian Leopards – Clouded Leopard – Black Panther |
| Deer | – Swamp deer – Sambar – Indian Muntjac -Wild boar – Hog deer |
| Pythons | – Reticulated python – Indian rock python |
| Bovine Family | – Wild water buffalo – Gayal – Gaur |
| Vultures | – Slender-billed vulture – Indian white-rumped vulture – Indian Vulture |
| Primates Species | – Assamese macaque – Capped and Golden langur – Hoolock gibbon |
| Wild Cats | – Jungle cat – Golden cat – Fishing cat – Leopard cat |
| Turtles & Tortoises | – Assam roofed turtle – Brown Tortoise |
| Avi Fauna | – Blue-throated Barbet – White-winged Wood Duck – Ring-tailed Fishing Eagle – Great Pied Hornbill – Himalayan Flameback Woodpecker – Bengal florican |
20 Must Visit Places in Assam
| LOCATION NAME | KNOWN FOR |
| Kaziranga National Park | Home To One-horned Rhinoceros |
| Manas National Park | Biosphere Reserve |
| Kamakhya Temple | Religious Expedition |
| Majuli Island | Largest Riverine Island |
| Hoollongapar Gibbon Wildlife Sanctuary | Best Spectacles Of Assam |
| Kakochang Waterfalls | Magnificent Wonder Of Nature |
| Tocklai Tea Research Centre | Oldest Tea Research Stations |
| Assam State Zoo And Botanical Garden | Meet Kangaroos And Llamas |
| Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary | A Diverse Ecology |
| Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary | A Diverse Ecology |
| Orang National Park | Rare Species Of Aquatic Beings |
| Umananda Island | One Of The Smallest Islands In The World |
| Dipor Bil | Water Lilies And Hyacinths |
| Guwahati Planetarium | A Space Odyssey! |
| Hajo: Stunning Temples | Sacred Artifacts |
| Nameri National Park | Dauntless Safari |
| Padam Pukhuri | Archaeological Excavation |
| Haflong Lake | Beautiful Lake |
| Haflong Hill | For Adventure Seekers |
| Panimoor Falls | Panoramic Sights |
Kaziranga National Park
The Kaziranga National Park is home to two-thirds of the planet’s population of the one-horned rhinoceros. Apart from that, this national park is also a World Heritage Site and a major highlight on the Assam tourist places map. It’s vibrant, well preserved, sustained ecology, and a versatile biodiversity is what contributes to keeping this place on the top of the list of tourist places in Assam.
Other than the one-horned Rhino, the park draws its popularity from other pleasant surprises like the Swamp Deer, Elephants, Wild Buffalos, Chinese Pangolins, Bengal Foxes, Gibbons, Civets, Sloth Bears, Leopards, and Flying Squirrels to name a few. It’s also a tiger reserve since it houses an enormous population of the royal Bengal Tigers, making it one of the most important Assam points of interest. This is certainly among the best places to visit in Assam.
Best Season: The best season of Kaziranga National Park are between November and April.
The Park is open daily from 1st November to 30th April i.e., for 6 (six) months, unless due to the rains in any exceptional year the park has to be closed earlier by the management for safety reasons.
Partially open: Park remains open partially on the months of October and May
Closed: The park remains closed June to September.
Leisure Activities: Elephant ride and Jeep safari.
Elephant rides: Elephant rides are available from 1st November to 30th April. First ride is from 5.15 AM to 6.15 AM and Second ride is from 6.30 AM to 7.30 AM from November to April (unless census may be scheduled).
Jeep safari: Jeep Safari available from 1st November to 30th April and could be possible subject to weather and road condition on the months of May & October. Jeep Safari is from 7.30 AM to 9.30 AM & 2 PM to 3.30 AM.
Manas National Park: A Must Visit Place in Assam
The next on the list of Assam places to visit is the Manas National Park, which is a UNESCO Natural World Heritage site, a Project Tiger Reserve, an Elephant Reserve, a Biosphere Reserve all in one, and the best tourist place in Assam!
Being famous for the rare golden langur and the adorable red panda, Manas is one of the best national parks in Assam and even all of India for those who wish to witness the rare species of India’s flora. It’s one of the best tourist attractions in Assam owing to not only its rich biodiversity but also for its stunning scenery and surreal natural landscape ranging from forested hills, alluvial grasslands, and tropical evergreen forests. Home to India’s second-largest tiger population, it harbours the maximum population of endangered Indian species as listed in the IUCN Red Book.
Timings: 5:30 AM till 6:30 PM (All Days of the Week)
Entry Fee:
20 per person for Indians
250 per person for foreign tourists
300 per Jeep
50 per still camera for Indians
Popular For: Nature Lovers, Photo Fanatics & Experience Seekers
Kamakhya Temple: Religious Expedition
One of the 51 Shakti Peeths in India, the Kamakhya Temple carries a myth to protect devotees from evil eyes. It’s one of the most popular and famous tourist places in Assam for pilgrims and tourists alike owing to its amazing Tantric adoration. Located atop Nilachal Hills, this temple’s main deity is Lord Shiva and Daksha Yagna (Death Incarnation).
Tip: Visit at the time of the Ambubachi festival.
Temple Timings: Daily from 0800 hrs to 1300 hrs and then from 1430 hrs to 1730 hrs. To avoid rush, better to visit in the afternoon.
Different Entry Queues are as following:
1. General Entry: It is free of cost. But the queue starts in the early morning normally from 0500 hrs, on auspicious days from 0300 hrs
Direct Entry: Available at the cost of INR 501 per person. This ticket entitles us a separate queue close to the main sanctum.
Majuli Island
Majuli’s eye-warming naturescapes make it one of the top tourist places in Assam. It is the world’s largest riverine island as well as one of the most important Satras established by Sankardeva and Madhavdev. The Majuli islands are spread over an area of around 452 sq km and most of these get submerged under water during the monsoons, leaving the bigger islands like Kamalabari, Auniati, and Garamur on the surface. This is why it’s best to visit this place in Guwahati in May. This is undoubtedly among the best places to visit in Assam. Apart from having remarkable natural beauty, Majuli is also a birdwatcher’s paradise. A holiday in Assam is incomplete without seeing one of the most beautiful places to visit in Assam.
Best Time to Visit: September to November.
Majuli is known for its natural beauty, unique Vaishnavite culture and mouthwatering delicacies. Raas Purnima (November) is one the best time to be in Majuli, when you can witness dance and drama based on the life of Lord Krishna. The performance lasts through out the night and attracts tourists from all over the world. Since the event attracts lot of travelers therefore the whole place becomes crowded and you might not be able to enjoy the serenity of the island.
But if you want to avoid the festival season rush, September is a good time to visit the island. After the monsoon the island becomes active again. You can visit the Satras leisurely, talk to the locals and understand the culture of the island. Same can be said about April. After the fresh rain the island gets a new green cover.
Majuli is a river island on the Brahmaputra river therefore the island is prone to flood during monsoon. And for a traveler it might be difficult to adjust in such a condition. Therefore monsoon won’t be a good time to visit the island.
Hoollongapar Gibbon Wildlife Sanctuary: Best Spectacles Of Assam
Located less than 20 km from Jorhat city center, Gibbon Wildlife Sanctuary is a haven for Assam’s Hoolock Gibbon population. Surrounded by the Brahmaputra river on one side and tea gardens on all others, this wildlife sanctuary is among the best spectacles of Assam sightseeing for wildlife lovers and nature seekers. Other than over 40 species of Hoolock Gibbons, this enclosure houses Capped Langur, Stump-Tailed Macaque, Pigtail Macaque, Assamese Macaque, Rhesus Macaque, Slow Loris, Elephants, and so many more species of animals. This is one of the most popular Assam tourist places.
Best Time To Visit: During the winter months as the climate is pleasant throughout the day
Famous For: Famous for being home to country’s only ape species and only nocturnal primate (of Northeastern India) called the Bengal slow loris
Kakochang Waterfalls, Bokakhat
Kakochang waterfall is also a well-known tourist attraction/picnic spot near Kaziranga. The remains of the historical Numaligarh can also be viewed from this place. The waterfall is located about 13 km from the Bokakhat, a place in the Jorhat Region of Assam. Situated between the Kaziranga National Park and Bokakhat, it is a prominent local eat-outside picnic spot. Few of the famous attractions nearby this waterfall are ruins of Numaligarh, ruins of Deoparbat or Deopahar, landscapes of tea, coffee, and rubber farms.
It is also called as Kakojan is really beautiful waterfall located amidst maiden and unexplored nature’s gift. Topographically it comes under Karbi Anglong district of Assam. But this waterfall is easily accessible from Bokakhat – a small town situated in the Golaghat district of Assam. The waterfall base is around 12 to 14 kilometers from Bokakhat and the trek of approx 04 kilometer would take you to the waterfall base.
Best Time to Visit Kakochang Waterfall: An ideal time to visit the Kakochang waterfalls is during the post-monsoon months, when due to the heavy rainfall the waterfall plummets with abundant water. The best time to visit is between the months of October to March.
How to Reach Kakochang Waterfall: Kakochang Waterfall has good connectivity of roads and well connected with major districts of Assam. There are many private and public state governments owned bus services are available from Guwahati to Bokakhat that run at regular intervals. Trains are also available and the nearest railhead is Furkating in Golaghat. The nearest airport to the Kakochang Waterfall is Jorhat.
Where to stay: There are many hotels and forest lodges located near Kaziranga National Park and Bokakhat. If anyone wants to cherish the rustic beauty of Assamese village and experience ethnic home stay then we can arrange that in a nearby village according to your budget.
Where and what to eat: Before you begin for Kakochang Trek please make sure that you have taken foods properly. It is only because there are no food spot on the way. It is always advisable to carry light snack and snacks. If possible plan your trek tour to Kakochang waterfalls on Sunday as there is local market held nearby and you may get to grab some really local flavored delicacies.
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What is the total area & population of Assam?
Total area of Assam is 78,438 Square Kms and total population is approx. 35.56608 Million.
Assam in terms of Longitude and Latitide?
It’s as below:
Longitude: 89° 42′ E to 96° E & Latidue : 24° 8′ N to 28° 2′ N
What is the climate type in Assam?
Climate type in Assam is Temperate.
What is the month wise temperatur & weather in Assam?
Winter: Late October to Late February (Min. Temp – 6 to 8 Degree Celsius)
Summer: Starts in Mid May (Max. Temp – 35 to 38 Degree Celsius)
Monsoon: Peaks in June
What are Folk & Classical dances of Assam?
The state is home to a number of indigenous tribes and races, each of which has its own fairs and festivals. This has led to the propagation of many dance forms throughout the region.
Classical dances list: Bhaona, Oja Pali & Satriya Nritya
Folk dances in Assam are: Bihu Dance, Jumur Nach, Ali Ai Ligang , Deodhani, Barpeta’s Bhortal Nritya, Dhuliya and Bhawariya, Bodo’s Bagurumba & Khamba Lim.